Heat and Thermodynamic – FSC 1st Year Chapter 11 Notes PDF

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In this post, I am sharingHeat and Thermodynamic – FSC 1st Year Chapter 11 Notes PDF Download for the students of Intermediate Part 1. This chapter’s name is Heat and Thermodynamic. Students can download 11th class chapter 11 Heat and Thermodynamic Notes PDF in there laptop or mobile. These Physics Notes are for all the boards working under Punjab Board like Gujranwala Board, Lahore Board, Faisalabad Board, Multan Board, Rawalpindi Board, Sargodha Board, DG Kahn Board, and Sahiwal Board. Here are the complete FSC 1st Year Physics Notes PDF chapterwise.

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FSC Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Heat and Thermodynamic Notes PDF Download

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Define thermodynamic.

It is the branch of physics which deal with the transformation of heat energy into other form of energy, such as converting heat into mechanical work.

Describe the fundamental postulates of kinetic theory of gases.

The theory is based on some basic postulates or assumptions as described below

A finite volume of gas consists of very large number of molecules.
The size of molecules is much smaller than the separation between molecules
The gas molecules are in random motion and may change their direction on motion after every collision.
Collision between gas molecules themselves and with walls of container are assumed to be perfectly elastic.
Molecule do not exert force on each other except during collision.

Define internal energy.

The sum of all forms of molecular energies (kinetic and potential) of a substance is termed as its internal energy

Define first law of thermodynamics.

In any thermodynamics process, when heat Q is added to a system, this energy appears as an increase in the internal energy AU stored in the system plus the work W done by the system on its aurroundings.

Define molar specific heat of gas.

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of an ideal gas through 1k called its molar specific heat.

When a gas heated its volume and pressure change to a greater extent. So , the amount of heat required to raise the temperature by 1K will depend on the condition under which heated, the temperature of the gas can be reised by keeping